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Nur Beschreibungen auf der obersten Ebene World War, 1939-1945 - Conscientious objectors
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Alma and Lewis Reesor photographs

  • CA MAO Hist.Mss.1.324/9
  • Akt
  • [1941 or 1942]

This file consists of photographs from Lewis Reesor's time at the Montreal River Alternative Service Work Camp in northern Ontario. Reesor was in Group 4, which served from 25 Nov 1941-24 Mar 1942. This group overlapped with Group 5, which served from 9 Dec 1941-11 Jul 1942.

Reesor, Lewis, 1919-1999

Jacob Neufeld photograph collection

  • CA MAO Hist.Mss.1.343
  • Akt
  • 1942-1943

Scenes of camp life at Montreal River during the winter of 1942 to 1943

Neufeld, Jacob, 1922-2009

Elmon Bender fonds

  • CA MAO Hist.Mss.1.342
  • Sammlung
  • 1942-1943

Photographs of camp life and work at Montreal River Alternative Service work camp by conscientious objectors ("COs") during the winter of 1942-1943, a homemade calendar for 1942 featuring a picture of the camp, and a colourized photograph of the camp framed with birch bark.

Unknown

Joseph Vale photograph collection

  • CA MAO Hist.Mss.1.280
  • Akt
  • 1941-1997

Photographs taken and collected by Joseph Vale during his trip to Greece aboard the Plymouth Victory in 1947 with the "seagoing cowboys." Also, photographs taken and collected by Joseph Vale documenting subsequent reunions of the Plymouth Victory "cowboys" and wives.

Vale, Joseph

Payson Miller Papers 1918-1919, 1954-1962

  • US MCUSAA HM1/670
  • Sammlung
  • 1918-1962

A small collection of materials pertaining to Miller's experiences as a conscientious objector in World War I. Materials include transcribed outgoing correspondence, written from Camp Taylor, KY, and France from 1918 to 1919, collected articles on the treatment of conscientious objectors in World War I, and a small set of Guy F. Herschberger's research notes and correspondence regarding the Illinois and Kansas State Councils of Defense.

Miller, Payson

Mennonite Research Foundation (Goshen, Ind.) Mennonite Church in World War II Study Records

  • US MCUSAA V/07/002
  • Sammlung
  • 1942-1948

This small set of records consists primarily of completed questinonaires regarding Mennonite congregational contact with drafted Mennonite men (Mennonite Church in World War II, Project #3).  Also includes examples of pastoral letters sent to drafted men (a number of them from Waldo Mennonite Church (Flanigan, Ill.) and minutes and other records created by the Virginia Mennonite Conference CPS Support Team.

Mennonite Research Foundation (Goshen, Ind.)

Richard Wideman Memoir and Military Documents

  • US MCUSAA HM1/375SC
  • Sammlung
  • 1918-1919, undated

A brief memoir describing Wideman's experiences as a conscientious objector during World War and copies of his military discharge papers. Also includes some biographical information about Wideman compiled by his daughter. Researchers should note that this collection includes no original documents, but rather black and white photocopies.

Wideman, Richard, 1896-1978

Philemon L. Frey Papers

  • US MCUSAA HM1/825
  • Sammlung
  • 1917-1973

Personal papers of a conscientious objector during World War I and Mennonite pastor in Ohio. The bulk of the material consists of sermons organized by topic..  Also included are photographs from Camp Sherman, where Frey was stationed during the First World War, and a journal recording the names of other conscientious objectors at Camp Sherman and their visitors.  A small amount of correspondence from the World War I and World War II eras may also be found in these papers.

Frey, Philemon L., 1896-1984

Oscar R. Miller Photographs and Booklet

  • US MCUSAA HM1/365
  • Sammlung
  • circa 1944-1946

Materials created by a conscientious objector and Civilian Public Service worker during World War II.  The collection consists of 132 black and white negatives depicting various Civilian Public Service camps and miscellaneous scenes from Miller's travels, and 1 color print of Sidling Hill Civilian Public Service Camp in Pennsylvania.  Also includes a booklet entitled On Sequoia Trails, which depicts live at Civilian Public Service Camp #107 in Three Rivers, California.

Miller, Oscar R., 1925-

Roy Buchanan Manuscript

  • US MCUSAA HM1/360
  • Sammlung
  • circa 1950

Two typewritten, unpublished manuscripts describing Buchanan's experiences as a conscientious objector in World War I and and his subsequent service work in France.  These memoirs cover the years 1917 to1919.

The chapters of the manuscript are titled as follows:

Manuscript: [World War I Experience, 1917-1918], 125 pages

Preface

Chapter I: How I Became a Mennonite

Chapter II: Going to Camp

Chapter III: First Army Camp Experience

Chapter IV: Transferred to the Remount Depot

Chapter V: Taken to the Guard-House

Chapter VI: Other Guard-House Experiences

Chapter VII: Cooking and Eating Outside

Chapter VIII: The Dark Hour

Chapter IX: Released from the Guard-House

Chapter X:  From the Remount Depot to the 163rd Depot Bridge

Chapter XI: First Experiences in the Depot Brigade

Chapter XII: The Two Spies

Chapter XIII: Second Guard-House Experience

Chapter XIV: Interviewed by the Board of Inquiry

Chapter XV: To Fort Leavenworth

Chapter XVI: To Fort Riley, and Last Days of Army Camp Experiences

Manuscript: “Experience in Relief and Reconstruction Service During and following World War One, 1918-1919.”  149 pages

Chapter I: From a Military Training Camp to a Relief Unit

Chapter II: In Waiting Before Going to France

Chapter III: Trip to France

Chapter IV: Paris, The Hub

Chapter V:  Some Bits of History

Chapter VI: At Ornans

Chapter VII:  A Trip into the Juras

Chapter VIII: Discharged from the Army

Chapter IX: From Ornans to the Verduin Sector

Chapter X: At Grange-Le-Compte

Chapter XI: A Trip to Verdun and Over Battle Fields

Chapter XII:  Little George

Chapter XIII: At Aubreville and Avocourt

Chapter XIV: Diary of One Week

Chapter XV: A Trip to the Alps Mountains

Chapter XVI:  A Trip to Germany and other Places

Chapter XVII:  Last Days in France, and Back to America

Buchanan, Roy

Benjamin Stauffer Ebersole Papers 1917-1918

  • US MCUSAA HM1/364
  • Sammlung
  • 1917-1967

Photocopies of diaries documenting Ebersole's experiences as a conscientious objector during World War I.  Also includes scattered correspondence and a list of conscientious objectors at Camp Meade (Maryland).

Ebersole, Benjamin Stauffer, 1894-

Ammon Sala Diary

  • US MCUSAA HM1/202SC
  • Sammlung
  • 1916-1919

A transcribed, typewritten copy of a diary kept by Ammon Sala, a Mennonite conscientious objector who was conscripted for military service in World War I. Sala left for Camp Lee on October 4, 1917 and was not released until December 1918. Sala's diary entries are very brief, describing one or two daily activities.

The diary was transcribed by Mark Moyer. The original diary remains in the possession of Helen Lenda.

Sala, Ammon

Gordon Oyer Collection on Civilian Public Service Camp #115 Subunit #30 (Urbana, Ill.)

  • US MCUSAA HM1/944
  • Sammlung
  • 1943-1991

A set of research materials assembled by Gordon Oyer to write an article on the history Civilian Public Service in Illinois, including CPS Camp #115, Subunit #30.  CPS volunteers at this camp were "guinea pigs" for medical experiments studying the physiological effects of heat and tropical conditions.  Camp #115 was a cooperative agency administered the Mennonites, Brethren, and Friends under the direction of the Office of Scientific Research and Development.  Subunit #30 was administered by Mennonite Central Committee.

Materials in this collection include the diaries of two CPS volunteer participants in these experiments:  Duane Hougham (Methodist) and George Nachtigall (Mennonite Brethren).  Nachtigall's diary is a photocopy of the original.  Also included are letters with CPS volunteers stationed in Illinois, clippings, and a copy of Oyer's article.

Oyer, Gordon

John Thut Photographs

  • US MCUSAA HM4/388
  • Sammlung
  • 1920-1946

The richest materials among these photographs are the140 color slides depicing Thut's volunteer work in England with German prisoners of war after World War II and his subsequent travel in the Western United States to Civilian Public Service (CPS) camps. These labeled and well-composed slides include images of Thut's living and working conditions in England, art work made by German POWs, and scenes of CPS work in Montana, South Dakota, and California. Also of note is a slide of Peter and Elfrieda Dyck's wedding gifts.

Click on "Online Images / Records" to see an inventory of the slides.

Other materials among Thut's photographs include a number of poorly-labeled black and white photographic prints of Goshen College in the early 1920s. Notable scenes include a May Day celebration and the construction of the college gymnasium. Also included is his passport obtained in 1944.

Thut, John, 1898-1994

J. N. Mast Letter

  • US MCUSAA HM1/331SC
  • Sammlung
  • 1918

A printed letter sent to J. N. Mast of Fairview, Michigan, expressing anti-Mennonite and and anti-German sentiment during World War I.  The letter was written by W. F. McNeely, Chairman of the American Defense Society of Oscoda County.

Mast, J. N.

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