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This photograph which dates from circa 1900 is of an old oak tree (estimated to be 600-700 years old) that acted a focal point for local community meetings for both the Mennonites of Chortitza Colony and the Zaporozhian Cossacks.

This photograph is of the same oak tree from item 001-4.3.2.1 but taken in 2003 showing the tree in its almost dead modern condition. Efforts were made to try to save it including debarking most of the tree but by 2003 only one branch produced leaves yearly. A nearby monument of a horse symbolized the past presence of the Zaporozhian Cossacks in the area.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Hildebrand & Priess factory in 1992. The factory specialized in the manufacturing of agricultural implements such as mowers, seeders, plows and threshing machines; at its peak it employed around 200 people. The building retained some fine detailing despite the exterior being previously whitewashed and it along with its associated administration buildings remained in use at the time the photograph was taken.

The same building as in item 003 this photograph is of the exterior of the Hildebrand & Priess factory in 1992. The factory specialized in the manufacturing of agricultural implements such as mowers, seeders, plows and threshing machines; at its peak it employed around 200 people. The building retained some fine detailing despite the exterior being previously whitewashed and it along with its associated administration buildings remained in use at the time the photograph was taken.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Niebuhr bank building in Chortitza Colony taken in 1995. The Niebuhr bank was established in 1904 and was intended to provide operating capital in an otherwise sparse environment of financial institutions. The building itself is a low scale building with fine brick detailing that has seen the roof replaced and a small entrance added since its initial construction.

This photograph is of an advertisement dated to 1912 by the H.A. Niebuhr u. Ko. firm for financial services. These services were provided at the Niebuhr bank building shown in Item 005 in the Chortitza Colony.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Lepp & Wallmann factory in Chortitza Colony. The factory was a significant producer of agricultural implements in the region along with steam engines, boilers and hydraulic presses in the late nineteenth century. By the early years of the twentieth century the factory complex was considered the largest Mennonite-owned factory in the Russian Empire.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Lepp & Wallmann factory in Chortitza Colony. The factory was a significant producer of agricultural implements in the region along with steam engines, boilers and hydraulic presses in the late nineteenth century. By the early years of the twentieth century the factory complex was considered the largest Mennonite-owned factory in the Russian Empire.

This photograph is of the exterior of the administration building at the Lepp & Wallmann factory in Chortitza Colony. The factory was a significant producer of agricultural implements in the region along with steam engines, boilers and hydraulic presses in the late nineteenth century. By the early years of the twentieth century the factory complex was considered the largest Mennonite-owned factory in the Russian Empire.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Lepp & Wallmann factory in Chortitza Colony. The factory was a significant producer of agricultural implements in the region along with steam engines, boilers and hydraulic presses in the late nineteenth century. By the early years of the twentieth century the factory complex was considered the largest Mennonite-owned factory in the Russian Empire.

This photograph is of the exterior of the Lepp & Wallmann factory in Chortitza Colony. The factory was a significant producer of agricultural implements in the region along with steam engines, boilers and hydraulic presses in the late nineteenth century. By the early years of the twentieth century the factory complex was considered the largest Mennonite-owned factory in the Russian Empire.

This photograph is of the exterior of the municipal office building in Chortitza Colony. Built in 1907 it was initially an administration centre (volost) for the 18 villages of the Chortitza Colony and as a part of its functions it housed the elected village council as well as housing administrative management of local schools, justice, management of roads and bridges, fire insurance, etc. The building also contained an archive and offices for the Imperial Crown's representative and three offices. In 1930 it was turned into a community club.

This photograph is of the exterior of the municipal office building in Chortitza Colony. Built in 1907 it was initially an administration centre (volost) for the 18 villages of the Chortitza Colony and as a part of its functions it housed the elected village council as well as housing administrative management of local schools, justice, management of roads and bridges, fire insurance, etc. The building also contained an archive and offices for the Imperial Crown's representative and three offices. In 1930 it was turned into a community club.

This photograph is of the exterior of the municipal office building in Chortitza Colony. Built in 1907 it was initially an administration centre (volost) for the 18 villages of the Chortitza Colony and as a part of its functions it housed the elected village council as well as housing administrative management of local schools, justice, management of roads and bridges, fire insurance, etc. The building also contained an archive and offices for the Imperial Crown's representative and three offices. In 1930 it was turned into a community club.

This photograph is of the exterior of the municipal office building in Chortitza Colony. Built in 1907 it was initially an administration centre (volost) for the 18 villages of the Chortitza Colony and as a part of its functions it housed the elected village council as well as housing administrative management of local schools, justice, management of roads and bridges, fire insurance, etc. The building also contained an archive and offices for the Imperial Crown's representative and three offices. In 1930 it was turned into a community club.